Nano hydroxyapatite (n-HAp) is a compound used in dental products that are recommended by many integrative dentists due to its numerous benefits. In recent years there have been questions about its safety. We will explore what nano hydroxyapatite is, its benefits, origins, mechanisms of action, safety concerns, and suitability for children.
What is Nano Hydroxyapatite?
Hydroxyapatite is a naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite, primarily found in bones and teeth. Nano hydroxyapatite refers to hydroxyapatite particles that have been reduced to nanometer size, enhancing their ability to interact with and penetrate dental structures.
Benefits of Nano Hydroxyapatite
- Remineralizing Capabilities Nano hydroxyapatite can effectively remineralize tooth enamel. By filling in tiny cracks and crevices on the tooth surface, it helps restore lost minerals and repair early signs of decay.
- Strengthening Tooth Enamel By binding to the enamel, n-HAp strengthens the tooth structure, making it more resistant to wear and acid attacks from food and beverages.
- Preventing Tooth Decay The remineralization process not only repairs enamel but also creates a barrier against bacteria, reducing the risk of cavities.
- Reducing Tooth Sensitivity Nano hydroxyapatite can block exposed dentinal tubules, which are pathways to the nerve endings, thus reducing sensitivity to hot, cold, and sweet stimuli.
- Fighting Dry Mouth Some formulations of n-HAp can enhance saliva production, which is crucial for maintaining oral hygiene and preventing dry mouth.
Where Does Nano Hydroxyapatite Come From?
Nano hydroxyapatite is synthetically produced in laboratories. It mimics the natural mineral component of bones and teeth, making it highly biocompatible. The synthetic process ensures purity and consistency, allowing for its effective use in dental products like toothpaste and mouth rinses.
How Does It Work?
Nano hydroxyapatite works by integrating into the tooth enamel. Its small particle size allows it to penetrate deeper into the microscopic defects of the enamel. Once there, it binds with the existing tooth minerals, enhancing the enamel’s structure and resilience. This process helps to rebuild and fortify teeth, protecting them from further decay and damage.
Why Do People Say It Isn’t Safe? (Rod Vs Needle Shaped)
Concerns about the safety of nano hydroxyapatite stem from its nano-sized particles. Nanotechnology, in general, has prompted scrutiny due to the potential for nanoparticles to enter the body and cause unforeseen effects. Critics worry that these particles might be absorbed into the bloodstream through the oral mucosa, leading to unknown health risks.
Nano hydroxyapatite comes in various shapes, with needle-shaped and rod-shaped being the most common. The shape of the particles can significantly impact their behavior and safety profile. Needle-shaped nano hydroxyapatite has been associated with higher risks due to its potential to penetrate tissues more easily and cause inflammation or irritation. In contrast, rod-shaped nano hydroxyapatite, which is used in dental products, has been extensively studied, and deemed safe. The rod-shaped particles have been proven effective in strengthening enamel, preventing decay, and reducing sensitivity. Therefore, the dental industry prefers rod-shaped nano hydroxyapatite for its safety and efficacy in promoting oral health and does not use needle shaped nano hydroxyapatite.
Is Nano Hydroxyapatite Safe?
Extensive research and clinical studies have shown that nano hydroxyapatite is safe for use in dental care products. It is biocompatible, meaning it does not cause harm to living tissues, and it has been used in medical and dental applications for decades without adverse effects. Regulatory bodies in various countries have approved its use, citing its safety and effectiveness.
Is It Safe for Kids?
Yes, nano hydroxyapatite is safe for children. In fact, it can be particularly beneficial for young teeth, which are more susceptible to decay and sensitivity. Children’s toothpastes containing n-HAp are formulated to be gentle and effective, providing the same benefits as adult versions without harmful chemicals. Parents can confidently use these products to help their children maintain strong, healthy teeth from an early age.
Nano hydroxyapatite is a safe and effective tool in dental care, offering a range of benefits from remineralizing and strengthening tooth enamel to reducing sensitivity and preventing decay. Despite initial concerns about its safety, extensive research supports its use as both safe and effective for all ages, including children. Nano hydroxyapatite is a promising tool for improving oral health and maintaining a healthy smile.
References
European Commission’s (EC) Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) Final Opinion